Otosclerosis involves bone growth immobilizing which auditory structure leading to conductive hearing loss?

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Multiple Choice

Otosclerosis involves bone growth immobilizing which auditory structure leading to conductive hearing loss?

Explanation:
Otosclerosis causes abnormal bone growth that fixes the stapes in place at the oval window. The stapes is the last middle-ear bone (the stirrup-shaped one) that pushes on the inner ear fluids to transfer sound. When its movement is immobilized, vibration can’t reach the inner ear effectively, so air-conduction hearing drops while the inner ear can still respond to bone-conducted vibrations to some extent. The malleus and incus can still move, and the eardrum itself isn’t the site of the problem, so the key structure being immobilized is the stapes.

Otosclerosis causes abnormal bone growth that fixes the stapes in place at the oval window. The stapes is the last middle-ear bone (the stirrup-shaped one) that pushes on the inner ear fluids to transfer sound. When its movement is immobilized, vibration can’t reach the inner ear effectively, so air-conduction hearing drops while the inner ear can still respond to bone-conducted vibrations to some extent. The malleus and incus can still move, and the eardrum itself isn’t the site of the problem, so the key structure being immobilized is the stapes.

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