Which structural malformation of the feet, commonly known as Clubfoot, involves turning of one or both feet?

• A. Spina Bifida
• B. Talipes
• C. Cleft Palate
• D. Down Syndrome

Answer: (B)

Talipes, commonly known as clubfoot, is a structural deformity where one or both feet are turned inward and downward. This turning results from abnormal development of the bones, muscles, and connective tissues in the foot and ankle and is present at birth. The key idea here is that the foot’s position is fixed or difficult to straighten, distinguishing it from other conditions that don’t involve a turning of the feet.

The other options describe different conditions: Spina Bifida is a neural tube defect affecting the spine, Cleft Palate is a split in the roof of the mouth, and Down Syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome. None of these involve a foot turning deformity, which is why talipes best fits the description.